What does the term 'Pygmalion' relate to in literature?

The term 'Pygmalion' in literature refers to a transformation through love, primarily originating from the myth of Pygmalion, a sculptor who fell in love with a statue he had carved. In the story, Pygmalion's love is so profound that it moves the goddess Aphrodite to bring the statue to life, thus illustrating the powerful theme of love's ability to effect change. This concept has been adapted in various literary works, most notably in George Bernard Shaw's play "Pygmalion," where the transformation of Eliza Doolittle, a flower girl with a tragic background, into a polished lady through the love and mentorship of Professor Henry Higgins exemplifies this theme. The focus on love's transformative power showcases how it can inspire personal growth and change, aligning perfectly with the answer that reflects this key concept.