What does the term "Jonah" symbolize in literature?

The term "Jonah" in literature primarily symbolizes someone who brings bad luck or misfortune. This allusion originates from the biblical story of Jonah, who was swallowed by a giant fish after attempting to flee from the command of God to preach to the city of Nineveh. His presence was associated with calamity, as his actions led to a storm that threatened the lives of those on the ship he was on. Because of this, "Jonah" has come to signify an individual whose presence is believed to lead to disaster or adverse outcomes, particularly in situations where luck is a factor.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the established literary meaning of "Jonah." Bringing good luck or being a skilled sailor does not relate to Jonah's narrative in the biblical account. The characterization of a "prophet of goodwill" also misrepresents Jonah's complex story, which involves themes of disobedience and the consequences of not fulfilling one's responsibilities.