What does the "Last Supper" represent in Christian theology?

The "Last Supper" is a pivotal event in Christian theology that represents the establishment of communion, a sacramental ritual commemorating Jesus' final meal with his disciples before his crucifixion. During this meal, Jesus broke bread and shared wine, symbolizing his body and blood, which he instructed his followers to partake in as a way to remember him. This act laid the foundation for the practice of communion (also known as the Eucharist) in many Christian traditions, serving as an essential rite that embodies the themes of sacrifice, covenant, and remembrance within the faith.

The other options explore significant aspects of Christian theology but do not specifically relate to the Last Supper as directly as the establishment of communion does. For instance, the day of judgment pertains to the end times and divine judgment, while the birth of Jesus relates to the nativity. The resurrection of Christ, while central to Christian faith, occurs after the events of the Last Supper and emphasizes a different aspect of Jesus' life and mission. Thus, the establishment of communion is the most pertinent representation of what the Last Supper signifies in Christian theology.